Reexamination of the Romanesque castle in Essex, which has heretofore been considered a four-story building. Analysis of the top floor shows that this was a later addition, and that the tower originally contained only three stories. Concludes that the tower consisted of a raised but perhaps undefended entrace, a heated lower hall of some quality, an upper hall of considerable splendor, and well-lit gallery affording views into the upper hall and outwards into the countryside. Suggests a date between 1125 and 1160 for the original tower, and proposes that the tower was built by Aubrey de Vere II or III, perhaps to commemorate Aubrey III's elevation to earl in 1142.
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