Traces the origins of the column-bearing lions of Romanesque church architecture, first exemplified in the west porch of Modena cathedral, to a conjunction of the Roman prothyrum and the motif of animals bearing architectural framing in Medieval manuscript illumination. As intermediate precedents, indicates the 11th c. portals of S. Margherita, Como, and the cathedral of Salerno, in both of which lions are presented in profile bearing the frames.
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